Unit 12 Obligation, Permission and Prohibition Exercise

CAN

1. It is used to express the ability to do something.
I can swim very well.
Can he can speak English fluently? - No, he can't.
We cannot sing at all!
2. It expresses the possibility to do something.
We can go to the seaside at last. Our holidays start next week.
3. We use it to say that something is probable.
It can be John. He has blond hair and he is wearing glasses.
4. It expresses the permission to do something.
Why not? You can marry her. She is a nice girl.

MUST

1. It is used for strong obligations.
It is personal, because it expresses the speaker's opinion or will.
I must clean my teeth. I want to be healthy.
You must go there. And do it right now!
2. It means a strong recommendation.
You must see it. It's the best film I've ever seen.
3. We use it to show the certainty of the speaker.
They must be at school by now. It's already 9 o'clock.
4. The opposite of must is need not.
Mum, must I wash up? - No, you needn't. I've already done it.
Must not has a different meaning.
It is used to express prohibition that involves the speaker's will.
We mustn't come late today. Or the teacher will be very angry.
He mustn't enter this room. It is dangerous.

HAVE TO

1) In the affirmative: HAVE TO has a meaning similar to MUST.
I have to go to the school.
2) In the negative: HAVE TO has a different meaning: "you don't need to dot that"
It's Sunday! I don't have to go to school.

EXERCISES:

Exercise with Can & Must
Exercise with Cant & Must - Questions
exercise with Can & Must 2
Exercise Can/can't or Must/mustn't
Exercise Can or Must

Exercise Allowed or Not Allowed

Exercise Have to or Must

Permission, obligation, and prohibition

Permission, Ability, Obligation, Advice...

Exercise Must or Have to...
Must, needn't or mustn't
Obligation

Unit 12 use of Make and Do

Do

We use the verb 'do' when someone performs an action, activity or task.

do a crossword
do the ironing
do the laundry
do the washing
do the washing up

'Do' is often used when referring to work of any kind.

do your work
do homework
do houseworkdo your job

!Note - these activities do not usually produce a physical object.

Make

We use the verb 'make' for constructing, building or creating

make a dress
make food
make a cup of tea / coffee

'Make' is often used when referring to preparing food of any kind.

make a meal - breakfast / lunch / dinner

!Note - these activities usually create something that you can touch.

Quiz of Make and Do

UNIT 11 ADVERBS

ADVERBS OF MANNER.

We use adverbs of manner to describe how we do things or activities.

I work hard.
she sings beautifully.

The formula o use them is :

Pronoun + verb + adverb 

You can visit this two websites to study some adverbs and to check the rules for adverbs.

List of adverbs
Rules and excercise of adverbs

UNIT 10 Simple Past + Ago

The past simple: 

is used to talk about actions in the past that have finished. It talks about 'then'

and definitely excludes 'now'.

• I first went to school 10 years ago.
• He came  a few moments ago.
• We made our last purchase from them over a year ago.

In order to show when an action or situation happened
in the past, particular words and phrases are often used.


 one _____ ago
A singular noun phrase showing a period of time:
 one minute ago
 one hour ago
 one week ago
 one week ago
 one month ago
 one year ago

 

(plural number or expression) _____ ago
A plural noun phrase showing a period of time
is used before ago:
two minutes ago
three hours ago
several days ago
a few weeks ago
a number of months ago
many years ago
  

Exercise past + ago

Excercise 2 past + ago

UNIT 10 Present Perfect For & Since

For and Since for Time

We often use for and since when talking about time.

for + period

A period is a duration of time, for example: 5 minutes, 2 weeks, 6 years. For means "from the beginning of the period until the end of the period." For can be used with all tenses.

since + point

A point is a precise moment in time, for example: 9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday. Since means "from a pointnow." Since is normally used with perfect tenses.

.

for a period (from start to end) >===<	since a point (up to now) x===>|
for 20 minutes for three days for 6 months for 4 years for 2 centuries for a long time for ever etc	since 9am since Monday since January since 1997 since 1500 since I left school since the beginning of time etc
all tenses	perfect tenses only

For can be used with all tenses. Here are a few examples:

• They study for two hours every day.
• They are studying for three hours today.
• He has lived in Bangkok for a long time.
• He has been living in Paris for three months.
• I worked at that bank for five years.
• Will the universe continue for ever?

For is NOT used with "all day", "all the time" etc.

• I was there all day. (not *for all day)

Since is normally used with perfect tenses:

• He has been here since 9am.
• He has been working since he arrived.
• I had lived in New York since my childhood.

Since can also be used in the structure "It is [period] since...":

• It is a year since I saw her.
• How long is it since you got married?

 PRACTICE :

For & Since Quiz 
For & Since Excercise 

UNIT 9 Present Perfect

Practice the present perfect:

UNIT 7 Vocabulary Program Types